| Commands | Purpose | Attributes and
Extensions | Can
Subsume: | Can be
Nested inside: |
|---|
| Global |
| <!--...--> | allows you to insert a line of browser-invisible comments in your document | some browsers may execute the tags inside comment lines, so it's best to avoid nesting commands within comments |
| <html>...</html> | marks the opening and closing of an HTML document | <head>...</head>
<body>...</body> | surrounds all other HTML commands |
| <head>...</head> | creates the head of an HTML document | <title>...</title>
<meta>
<isindex>
<base>
<nextid>
<link> | immediately after <HTML> and before <BODY>...</BODY> |
| <body>...</body> | creates the body of an HTML document | background= designates a file to be displayed as background
bgcolor="#(hexadecimal color code)" sets the background color
text="#(hexadecimal color code)" sets the color of plain text
link="#(hexadecimal color code)" sets the color of unfollowed text links
alink="#(hexadecimal color code)" sets the color of active text links
vlink="#(hexadecimal color code)" sets the color of visited text links | all lists,
anchors, tables,
forms, images,
text, breaks, characters,
and headings | inside
<html>...</html>
and after <head>...</head> |
| <isindex> | activates the browser's searching function | HTML 3.0:
prompt="..." allows you to specify the search prompt.
(default prompt is "This is a searchable index. Enter search keywords:") | <blockquote>
...</blockquote>
<body>...</body>
<dd> or <li>
<form>...</form>
<head>...</head> |
| Head |
| <link> | this command, primarily used by HTML-generating tools, indicates a relationship to other documents (and unlike anchors, cannot indicate relationships to parts of documents) | href="url" of document linked to this one
name=anchor (if the link is an anchor)
rel="(linked to document in relation to this document)"
rev="(reverse rel b/w this doc and other doc)"
urn=uniform resource number
title="title of linked-to doc"
methods="ftp, gopher, etc." (method of retrieving other document) | inside<HEAD>
...</HEAD> |
| <meta> | allows you to specify metacontent (self- referential content, or information about the document itself--meant to be read by machines) | http-equiv="name" content="value" names a new HTTP header field whose data will be specified as CONTENT
HTTP-Equiv="Expires content="never"name="key" of key/value pair.
content="value" of key/value pair. |
| <base> | indicates the full URL of the current document | href="URL" |
| <title>...</title> | allows you to select a title that will appear in the title bars of browser windows and in bookmarks (default is the actual filename of your document) |
| Body |
| Formatting |
| <center>...</center> | centers
enclosed
text | <br>
<a>...</a> or <img>
<address>...</address>
<em>...</em>
<strong>...</strong>
<code>...</code>
<samp>...</samp>
<kbd>...</kbd>
<var>...</var>
<cite>...</cite>
<tt>...</tt>
<b>...</b>
<i>...</i> | <blockquote>
...</blockquote><body>...</body>
<form>...</form>
<dd> or <li>
<th>...</th> or <td>...</td> |
<font size=# >...</font>Netscape extension
the value for the size attribute can be a number from 1 to 7 (default is 3), or (in quotation marks) a number relative to the current size, e.g. "+2". | <br>
<img>
<a>...</a>
<em>...</em>
<strong>...</strong>
<code>...</code>
<samp>...</samp> <kbd>...</kbd>
<var>...</var>
<cite>...</cite>
<tt>...</tt>
<b>...</b>
<i>...</i> | <p>
<a>...</a>
<address>...</address>
<b>...</b>
<cite>...</cite>
<code>...</code>
<dd>, <dt>, or <li>
<h#>...</h#>
<em>...</em>
<i>...</i>
<kbd>...</kbd>
<pre>...</pre>
<samp>...</samp>
<td>...</td>
<strong>...</strong>
<tt>...</tt>
<var>...</var> |
<basefont size=#>Netscape extension
the value for the size attribute can be a number from 1 to 7. the default is 3. | <p>
<a>...</a>
<address>...</address>
<b>...</b>
<cite>...</cite>
<code>...</code>
<dd> or <li> <em>...</em>
<h#>...</h#>
<i>...</i>
<kbd>...</kbd>
<pre>...</pre>
<samp>...</samp>
<strong>...</strong>
<tt>...</tt>
<var>...</var> | can be used only once inside
<body>...</body> |
| <b>...</b> | emboldens enclosed text | <br>
<img>
<a>...</a>
<em>...</em>
<strong>...</strong>
<code>...</code>
<samp>...</samp>
<kbd>...</kbd>
<var>...</var>
<cite>...</cite>
<tt>...</tt>
<b>...</b>
<i>...</i>
| <p><a>...</a>
<address>...</address>
<b>...</b>
<cite>...</cite>
<code>...</code>
<dd>, <dt>, <li>
<h#>...</h#>
<kbd>...</kbd>
<em>...</em>
<pre>...</pre>
<samp>...</samp>
<strong>...</strong>
<tt>...</tt>
<var>...</var>
<th>...</th> or <td>...</td> |
| <em>...</em> | tells browser to emphasize
enclosed text |
<strong>
...</strong> | tells browser to place stronger emphasis on enclosed text |
<cite>
...</cite> | a citation |
| <kbd>...</kbd> | distinguishes text to be typed |
<samp>
...</samp> | sample text |
| <tt>...</tt> | renders text in monospaced typewriter font |
| <i>...</i> | puts the text in italics |
| <pre>...</pre> | preformatted
t e x t to be displayed with spacing intact |
<address>
...</address> | used to format, for example,
signature files
and/or copyright information
at the end of a document |
| <code>...</code> | code sample |
| <var>...</var> | placeholder or variable for some other value |
| <blink>...</blink> | makes the text blink. use at your own risk. |
<h1>...</h1>
<h2>...</h2>
<h3>...</h3>
<h4>...</h4>
<h5>...</h5>
<h6>...</h6> | marks six levels of headings
(1 is largest;
6 smallest) | align=center (3.0) | <blockquote>
...</blockquote>
<body>...</body>
<pre>...</pre>
<address>...</address>
<form>...</form>
<th>...</th> or <td>...</td> |
| Refer to this chart if you plan to use special characters--machine-readable characters like <brackets>, "quotation marks", & ampersands--in your text. |
| Lists |
<ul>...</ul>
<ol>...</ol>
<dl>...</dl> | allow you to create lists:
1. ordered,
unordered, or
plain | Netscapetype= sets the type of marker (1, A, a, i, disc, circle, square) introducing each list item
start= overrides usual alphabetical/numerical sequence of ordered lists | <li>, for ordered and unordered lists;<dt> and <dd> for definition lists | <blockquote>
...</blockquote> <body>...</body> <dd> or <li> <form>...</form> <th>...</th> or <td>...</td> |
| <li> [...</li>] | opens an indented list item (with a number, in an ordered list,
or a
bullet, in an unordered list) | type= sets the type of marker (1, A, a, i, disc, circle, square) introducing each list item
value= allows you to set the number or letter of an ordered list item | <a>...</a> <img> <br> em strong code samp kbd var cite tt <b>...</b> i <p> ol ul dir menu dl <pre>...</pre> <blockquote>
...</blockquote> | dir menu ol ul |
<dt>
<dd> | these tags mark the terms and definitions (respectively) in a definition list | <dl>...</dl> |
| Tables |
| <table>...</table> | creates a table | Netscape extensions:
border=
(width, in pixels, of the border to be drawn around the table. a value of FRAME will enclose just the outside of the table; BASIC, the border and cells)
cellpadding= (spacing between the contents of the cell and the cell borders)
cellspacing= (size of the lines dividing the data cells) width= (width in pixels or a percentage of the window) | <tr>...</tr><caption>...</caption> | <blockquote>
...</blockquote> <body>...</body> <dd> or <li>, <form>...</form> <td>...</td> |
| <caption>...</caption> | allows you to label a table with a caption | align=top, bottom | | <table>...</table> |
| <tr>...</tr> | creates a table row | align=leftrightcenter valign=
(top middle bottom baseline) | <th>...</th> or <td>...</td> | <table>...</table> |
<td>. . .</td>
<th>. . .</th> | creates a data cell or header cell in a table row | rowspan=
(the number of rows spanned by the cell) colspan= (the number of columns spanned by the cell)
align= (left, right, center: horizontal alignment of the cell contents)
valign= (top, middle, bottom: the vertical alignment of the cell contents)
nowrap (indicates not to wrap the cell contents)
width= (width in pixels or in a quoted percentage of the window) | <p><isindex> <hr>
<a>...</a>
<h#>...</h#>
ol, ul, dir, menu, dl,
pre,
<blockquote>
...</blockquote>
<form>...</form>
<address>...</address> table | <tr>...</tr> |
| Hypertext |
| <a>...</a> | creates a link to another document or to another segment of the same document | href="URL" or "file" or "#name" of subfile in the document
name="name of subfile in this document"rel, rev, urn, title, methods | <img>
<br>
<em>...</em>
<strong>...</strong>
<code>...</code>
<samp>...</samp>
<kbd>...</kbd>
<var>...</var>
<cite>...</cite>
<tt>...</tt>
<b>...</b>
<i>...</i> | <body>...</body> <address>...</address> b cite code <dd>, <dt> or <li> <em>...</em>
<h#>...</h#> <i>...</i>
<kbd>...</kbd>
<pre>...</pre>
<samp>...</samp>
<strong>...</strong>
<tt>...</tt>
<var>...</var>
<th>...</th> or <td>...</td> |
| Images |
| <img> | loads an inline image | ismap=
src=
alt="text"
Netscape extensions:
align texttop/ absmiddle /baseline /bottom,
vspace
hspace
width
height
border
lowsrc="file to be loaded with the main document" | <a>...</a>
<address>...</address>
<b>...</b>
cite code <dd>, <dt>, or <li> em
<h#>...</h#> i kbd p samp strong tt var |
| Forms |
| <form>...</form> | creates a form | action="URL" of script to process form input
method="get" or "post" how the input will
be sent to the gateway on the server side
enctype=
"application/ x-www-form-urlencoded" only one value possible right now | <h#>...</h#> p, lists, pre, <blockquote>
...</blockquote>, isindex table hr address input select textarea | <blockquote>
...</blockquote> <body>...</body> <dd> or <li> <th>...</th> or <td>...</td> |
| <input> | input widget for a form | type="(checkbox/ hidden/ radio /reset /submit /text /image)"
name="name of this item as passed to the script (in name/value pair),"
value="default value (for text or hidden widget);
value to be submitted with the form (for a checkbox or radio button);
or label (for Reset or Submit buttons)"
src="source file for an image",\
checked indicates that checkbox or radio button is checked
size="size in chars of text widget"
maxlength="no of characters in a text field"
align="(texttop/ absmiddle /baseline /bottom,)" | <form>...</form> |
<textarea>...
</textarea> | multiline text entry widget | name=" (name to be passed to the script as part of name/value pair)"
rows="no. of rows"
cols="(no. of cols.)" | <form>...</form> |
| <select> | creates a menu or scrolling list of possible items | name=name of data field
size=#of items to display
multiple allows multiple selections | <option> | <form>...</form> |
| <option> | indicates a possible item within a select widget | selected=default selection
value="data submitted if this option is selected" | <select> |
| Breaks, Headings, and Titles |
| <title>. . .</title> | allows you to select a title
that will appear above your browser window
(default is the actual filename of your document) | inside <HEAD>
...</HEAD> |
<h1>...</h1>
<h2>...</h2>
<h3>...</h3>
<h4>...</h4>
<h5>...</h5>
<h6>...</h6> | marks six levels of headings
(1 is largest;
6 smallest) | align=center (3.0) | <a>...</a> img
br em strong code samp kbd var cite tt <b>...</b> i | <blockquote>
...</blockquote>
<body>...</body>
<pre>...</pre>
<address>
...</address>
<form>...</form>
<th>...</th> or <td>...</td> |
| <p> | creates a paragraphbreak | <a>...</a>
<img> and <br>
em strong code samp kbd var cite tt <b>...</b> i | <blockquote>
...</blockquote> <body>...</body> <dd> or <li> <form>...</form> |
| <br> | forces
a
line
break | clear=right, left, all (3.0) | <a>...</a>
<address>
...</address>
<b>...</b>
cite
code
<dd>, <dt> or <li>
<h#>...</h#>
em
i
kbd
<p>, <pre>...</pre>
samp
strong
tt
var |
| <hr> | draws a horizontal rule line | Netscape extensions:
size=(in pixels, the width of the line itself)
width=(in pixels, or a "#%" of the screen, the width traversed by the line)
align=(horizontal placement of the line, if it doesn't cross the entire screen)
noshade eliminates the line's shadow | <blockquote>
...</blockquote> <body>...</body>, <form>...</form>, <pre>...</pre>, <td>...</td> |
Hello, my name is Jack Sparrow. I'm a 50 year old self-employed Pirate from the Caribbean.
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